Ventilating system



W. G. FORCIEH'.

l VENTILATING SYSTEM.

APPplcATloN FILED luiY 31,1919.

L'?. Patented Aug. 3, E92@ William, 6.17510 reiey.

WyG. FORCIER.

VENTILATING SYSTEM. APPLlcATloN FILED JULY 31.1919.'

Patented-Aug. 3,

1920. a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- ..w. G. Fo'nclER.

A VENTILATING SYSTEM. l

APPLICATION FILED JuL'Y 31,1919. l 1,348,557; Patented Aug. 3, 1920.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@Kaw

WILLIAM G. sonoma, orfuionnnsroit, MASSACHUSETTS.

vnnrinn'rrnie SYSTEM.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 31, 1919. Serial No. 314,405.

To all whom t may conce-m.'

Be it known that I, lViLLIAM G. Fonoinn, a citizen of the United States,residing at llfollastomin the county of Norfolk and State ot'Massachusetts, have invented certain newn and useful mprovements'i'nVentilating Systems, of which the 'following is a specification.

'lhe object of this invention is to so construct a building that thecost of construction will be minimized and the proper heating andventilatiiig thereof will be facilitated. T he invention seeks toprovide means whereby a supply oi' fresh air may be admitted to therooms of a building and the desired temperature of the rooms maintainediii cold weather with aiieconomical consumptionof fuel.

i T he invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will behereinafter i''ully described., the novel. features being subsequentlyparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings- .Figure l is a vertical section of a portion ot' abuilding constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail elevation of means provided for effect-ing acirculation oi outside air within the wall of the building Fig. 3 is anelevation of one foi-in of ventilator employed in the practice of theinvention.;

Fig. 4 is a det-ail section of a portion of the ventilator shown in Fig.3

l" ig. 5 is a longitudinal section of said ventilator Fig. 6 is a detailperspective view of the operating mechanism for said ventilator.

ln carrying out my invention, I employ a foundation l which may be ofany Wellkiiown type but will preferably .be of co'ncrete and upon thesaid foundation l. place sills 2 and also support. joists 3, a.. iloor 4for the rst story of the building being supported on said joists. i uponthe sills 2 and it will be understood` ol course. that the four walls ofthe building are identical in construction although only one wall isshown in the drawing. The sills 2 and girders', supported by the usual-studding rising from the sills, will preferably'be of lumber and to theouter tace/s of the sills and the girders as well as the beams andgirders supporting the roof. I secure a cardboard sheathing Z whichextends the full Girders 5 are placed height ot the building. The'jointsbetween the cardboard sheathing and the several sills and girders may bemade air-tight iii any desired manner as, for instance, by calking thesaine with telt. Spacers or straps 8 are secured to the cardboardsheathing at intervals and serve to'hold the saine against the severalsills and girders and to the outer sides of the said spacers I securethe outer sheathing 9 which will preferably be- Of limiber but may be ofany other material now resented aan. a, ieee.,

generally employed. The lumber sheathing 9 is shown with clapboaiding 10securedV upon its outer face so as to impart an attrac tive finish tothe building, but other desired finish may be applied', as brick`veneer, shingles, or stucco. T he icon-(indicated conventionally at 11,entends over the upper end ot' the space l2 between the sheathings? and-9 but the lower end of the said space is lett open although it iscovered by a screen 13 to prevent the entrance of insects.v At thecorners of the building, studding or corner posts will, of course, beemployed and similar elements will be provided at the door and windowopenings and secured. in place in the same manner .as such elements arenow- `generally fitted. Spaced inwardly from the 'sheathing 7 is apartition le which will be constructed of plaster so Vthat it may befitted air-tight against the several girders or other devices interposedin the wall for supporting the floors or other l'building elements aswell as vtor theventilating members which are extended through the wallas will presently appear, a dead air space l5 being thus providedbetween the sheathing and the wall 14. Spaced inwardly from the parti-ltion or intermediate wall let is an inner wall lt? which is similar inconstruction to the partition 14 and -ioriiis the sides of the outerrooms, the ceiling 17 extending between the opposed inner walls 16 inthe usual manner. A second dead air space 18, will obviously be 4toi-medbetween the walls or partitions lll and 1G and these dead air spacesserve ei:- fectually counteract the tendency of buildings to accumulatedampness and will also tend to keep the temperature within the buildinguniform through all weather conditions so that in severe cold weatherthe l"ilfliig may be eiectually heated with a small amount of fue. n l

To permit circulation of airtlirough the air space i2, provide iii theouter wall oi` sheathing 9 near the roof an opening .'19

' it in its operative position.

which is covered by a screen Q0 to prevent the entrance of insects andaround the said opening is provided a hood 21 to protect the partsagainst weather elements. The opening 19 may be covered at will by adamper 22 slidably mounted in cleats or otherlk guides L23 secured uponthe inner facev of the'sheathing 9, said damper being provided with anopening 24 corresponding in form and size with the opening 19. At theends of the .damper 22 are brackets 25 to which are secured the ends ofshort cables 26 which cables extend over and are secured to quadrants 27mounted -foi` rocking movement at the opposite sides or ends of thedamper. The quadrants may be pivot'ed 'upon the sheathing,V but I haveillustrated afsupport'consisting of a bearing sleeve Q3 secured throughthe sheathing 7 and the Walls 14 and 16 in which the shaft 29 of aquadrant is j ournaled, this construction'pro-` viding ak more extendedsupport for the quadrant and thereby more firmly holding Upon eaeiquadrant an arm 30'to the free end lof which is pivoted a link 31, thelowerend of which is pivoted to anv operating lever 32 fulcrumed \in theWall 14 land extending through the sheathing 7 and the -i'valls 14 and16. lThe innerend ofthe lever'32 is .hollow or provided Witha socket33'jn which may be engaged a handle 134 to rock' the lever when it isdesired to adjust the damper, and `the slots ory openings .35 in which"the:

said lever plays may be lined With felt o1".

, similar material so that leakage of air so as to :bring the opening 24thereof into alinement with the opening 19 whereupon air Will bepermitted to enter the'space 12- and flow down the same and carry offany moisture which may tend to collecttherein. 1When the opening 19 isthus uncovered accumulated h ot air may escape so that thetemperaturesof the building Will be kept normal. j Vithin each room ofthe building, I provide an upper ventilator which is intended to admitfresh air to the room and a lower ventilator which is intended topermitA the escape ofthe vitiated air so that a circulation-of airWithin the room will be set up and all impurities carried off. Theventila-.f tors each consists of a tubular casing 36 1nserted throughthe sheathing-` 7 and the.

Walls 14 and 16, the uppercasfing being also carried through thesheathing`9 so that it will be open to the atmosphere, While. the

lower casing opens through and terminates at the inner sheathing 7. Thecasings may is a plurality of vanes or blades 38 which are provided'attheir endsv Vwith trunnions `or a shaft `39 journaledv inthe sides ofthe casing. If the member 39 be extended through the blades, it will bepinned thereto,as indicated in Fig. The pivot 39 of each blade will, ofcourse, be disposed at the vertical center thereof and Within the casingadjacenteach lblade are stops 40 which are :irranged-'at opposite sidesof the vertical planes lof, the respective blades so as to limit themovement thereof and they lnay be faced with felt or other materiahso,that a draft proof joint With the blades vvill be effected as will -bereadily understood. The outer stops 40 terminate above/.the pivot pinsof the respective blades,v While .the `innerl stops v.terminate belen"said points, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, and free movement ofthe bladesis thus permitted. Upon one end of the pivot'for each blade is securedan armi 41`rand the arms of the several blades are connected by a link42 so as to effect simultaneous movement of the blades. One

of the arms 41 is equipped with a pin 43l Which plays in a slot 44 in atongue 45 dependingfrom a sleeve 46 which is internally threaded andmounted upon a threaded rod orV Worm shaft 47 which is swiveled at itsouter end in a bracket 48 and equipped at its inner end with a handWheel or pulley 49. lThe bracket 48 is secured rigidly to a partition 50disposed longitudinally of the casing 36 and separating the operatingmechanism from the ventilator blades. The space between the partitionand the casing at the inner ends thereof is sealed by a cover plate 51which also provides the inner bearing lfor the Worm shaft 47. The handle49 at the lovver ventilator will be in the form of a hand Wheel, asshown, which may be easily grasped and manipulated but at the upperventilator I substitute for the hand wheel a grooved pulley or disk 52to which is secured ay cable or chain 53 having its ends depending fromthe said disk or pulley at opposite sides thereof and equipped with'.

lgrips 54. The cable 53 will depend from the pulley to such pointu thatits ends may intatta be easily greached by an occupant of the room andthe ventilator, therefore, easily adjusted. Theiouter end of the uppercasing 36is covered by a screen 55 and a hood 56 is secured to the outerside ofthe buildmg to' ettendover said screen and protect the sameandi-the casing from the weather. c

kit will-'be notedI that the lower ventilator opens into the space 12-which is open at its .lower endpto the atmosphere but the upper v 1'entilator' extends through said space and tarough the-outer sheathing sothat said upperventilator is directly open to the atmospher'e.'.Therefore, if the lower ventilator be opened the foul air contained ina room will, escape but there will be no great rush ot outside air intothe'room so that the foul air may be discharged.'without any substantiallowering 'of the temperature of. the room. It the upper ventilator beopened atmospheric air will be admitted'to the room `so that thenecessari;7 supply ot tresh air and oxygen may be easily obtained and ifbothventilators be opened a circulation` of air through the.upperyentllator.inte the room.

and thence out through the lower Ventilator,"

will be created inasmuch asthe upper ventilator is open to the outsideair and'turnishes direct -access* of the same to the room,4 while thelower ventilator communicates only inl directly with'the outside air andit, therelfore, counteracts the usual tendency of air to flow upwardly.fMoreover, the upper end 'of the air space l2 is normally closed and thesaid space is normally a dead-air space.

in which there -is -nol circulation. By employing the construction shownand ydescribed herein-light materials may be employed and buildingsquickly erected so that the costA of `construction will be minimized andinasmuch spaces are provided around the building the VVthrough all saidair spaces,

as a-v plurality of dead-airv temperature of the same is -more nearlyuni- -fofrrn than with other known-constructions and the cost, ofheating the building incold a5 weather will be Very considerablyreduced. A very efiicient system of ventilation is provided which may beeasily controlled bythe 'occupant of the building without disarrangingor rendering inoperative any o the 50 parts. v Having thus described theinvention, what is claimed as new is:

l'. In building v"construction, awall having an outer air spaceconstantly open to the at- 55 mosphere at its lower; end. and normallyclosed at its upper end, a plurality of deadair spaces at the inner.sideof'the irst-Inentioned air s ace and uA er and lower venti p a ilators in the wall, the u per ventilator ex- 60 l tending through thefirst-mentioned air space .and ,through all'the deadair spaces.

and the lower ventilator extending through the dead-air 'spacesl and.opening into the irst-mentioned air space. i

2. Inbuilding construction, av wall having an outer air space constantlyopen at its lower end to the atmosphere andnorlnally yclosed :at itsupper end, and a plurality of winmniu s. renonce.

